Description: The Cairn Terrier is a small, hardy dog with a shaggy coat. The dog will be 10-13 inches at the shoulder and the bitch 9-12 inches. The male Cairn Terrier weighs between 13 and 18 pounds, and the female between 12 and 17 pounds. The Cairn has a double coat consisting of a soft, dense undercoat covered with a hard, shaggy topcoat. The coat of the Cairn Terrier is wheaten, brindle, gray or reddish. Black and white are not considered suitable coat colors for this dog. The Cairn can live between 12 and 15 years.
History: Originally from the Scottish Highlands and the Isle of Skye, the Cairn Terrier began as a robust farm dog that hunted rats and mice around the barrows, or rock piles, where they lived. Beginning in the 1500s, these small terriers were used to hunt vermin that might inhabit burial mounds, which often marked graves or boundaries. For larger game, such as a badger, the Cairn would hold the game until the farmer or hunter could arrive to dispatch it.
Temperament: The Cairn Terrier is an outgoing dog that is a lively addition to any home. This dog enjoys meeting new people and especially enjoys being around his human family. The Cairn will stay close to his people and wants to interact with them as much as possible. Having developed as a small game hunter, the Cairn Terrier will chase cats and treat other household pets as prey animals. Early socialization can help with this. The Cairn gets along well with children and will happily play with them.
Health Issues – Although the Cairn Terrier is generally a healthy dog, there are a number of issues that this breed can develop. The most common, and something that seems to be seen in many terriers, is craniomandibular osteopathy. This condition makes it difficult for the Cairn pup to eat, as the jaw swells. Although alarming, the problem seems to correct itself by the time the pup is one year old. Very rarely, surgery is needed. This breed can also suffer from the kneecap slipping out of the joint, called slippery stiffness. Hip dysplasia is sometimes found in Cairn.
Grooming: Although the Cairn Terrier doesn’t shed much, the shaggy coat should be brushed at least several times a week to prevent tangles from forming. This dog will probably benefit from a bath once a month, but be sure to brush his coat while it dries. The hair around the ears and eyes can be trimmed with blunt-tipped scissors.
Living Condition – Although the Cairn Terrier can live in an apartment, it must be remembered that this dog is in dire need of exercise. He is playful around the house, but he also needs outdoor activities to stay mentally and physically healthy. The Cairn is perfect for active people who enjoy outdoor activities and sports. Unless he is in a fenced yard, he should be kept on a leash while outside, as he will chase any animal he sees.
