Children tend to develop fevers more easily than adults. This is largely due to a relatively immature immune system, which makes them more susceptible to various infections (the most common cause of fever).
There is often some confusion regarding what constitutes a fever in children. According to the Singapore Health Promotion Board, the definition of fever depends on how the temperature is measured:
• 37.9 degrees Celsius: measured with an ear thermometer
• 37.5 degrees Celsius: measured with an oral thermometer
• 37.2 degrees Celsius – measured under the arm
Common causes of fever in children
Fever itself is not a disease, but rather a symptom of an underlying problem. Possible causes of fever would include the following: (this is by no means an exhaustive list)
Infections – This is by far the most common cause of fever in children. Most tend to be common vial infections, such as the common cold and stomach flu, but are sometimes due to bacterial infections.
Overdressing – Babies, especially newborns, cannot regulate their body temperature very well. Therefore, they may have a fever if they are too clustered together or if they are left in hot environments for long periods.
Immunizations: In the first 2 years of life, children receive numerous vaccinations. Some of these can cause a low-grade fever.
Consult your doctor or pediatrician if your child:
• You have a headache, a stiff neck, or are sensitive to bright light.
• Feeds poorly, is vomiting, or is lethargic.
• You are drowsy
• Develops fit
• You have trouble breathing
• You have signs of dehydration, such as decreased urine output
• Looks sicker than before
• You have an earache, rash, or sore throat
• You are very young, especially if you are less than 3 months old.
Tips for controlling fever
• Make sure your child gets enough rest and avoids strenuous activities.
• Ensure adequate hydration by offering cold drinks regularly
• Dress your child in light clothing
• Make sure the room is comfortable and not too hot
• Give medicine to lower your child’s fever. Commonly used medications include acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Make sure you use the correct dose and frequency.
• Sponge the neck and armpits with room temperature water.
Tips for administering medications:
• Do not give any medicine to babies under 3 months of age unless your doctor tells you to.
• Read clinic or package labels carefully to make sure your child is given the correct dose and frequency.
• For liquid medicines, use a special liquid measuring device, such as a measuring cup, spoon, or syringe, to make sure you are giving the correct dose. A regular kitchen spoon may not give you the correct dose.
